The Idea Of Privilege And Discrimination - 1015 Words

The idea of privilege and discrimination plays a pivotal part in humanity. In my own definition, privilege is the freedom and immunity that one occupies based on certain characteristics. Some of the privilege factors in my social life are my race/ethnicity, class, and religion. On the other hand, I define discrimination as a form of social injustice in which one is at a disadvantage solely based on his features. For example, because of the pigment of my skin, my middle school teacher treated me in an unfavorable fashion. Furthermore, Race plays an important role in obtaining a privileged status. Dan Pence, a professor in Southern Utah University, argued that â€Å"once white students recognize their advantages, they acknowledge that†¦show more content†¦My background and cultures differ from many people because I come from another part of the world. One of the reason why I have a privilege status is from my upbringings. Ever since I was a little boy, my parents encouraged a nd strived for me to grow up as a well-educated man. It has been tested that at the age of 4, a child living in the United States has the ability to count to 15, while the same age child from Eastern Asian countries has the ability to count to 40 (Sun, 2012). Many Asian parents are stereotyped as being harsh on their kids; however, this has led to many advantages for me personally. Another advantage of being a different race is the ability to speak a different language. Many employers are searching for employees who are diverse and versatile. Employers like to see multiple languages on rà ©sumà ©s. In contrary, some employers do not hire anyone who is not a United States citizen. Succinctly, having a different ethnicity has its own advantages, but it also comes with many disadvantages. Both of my parents hold a steady job. Even though they do not receive huge paychecks, we get by enough to be happy. I would categorized our family as middle class. Being middle class is a privilege because it could be worse. We are just thankful that we are not out in the streets – we have a roof over our heads and dinner on the table. Because of our class, my parents are able to hold a position in the society. However, the social class

The Crucible By Arthur Miller - 1333 Words

It is necessary to have trust, loyalty, forgiveness, and honesty when living in a healthy community. But when people within the community begin to show betrayal, revenge, deceit, and suspicion, then the balance of the community is disrupted. In the Puritan community, they focused on doing God’s work by taking care of their neighbors and made sure to not be distracted by matters unrelated to God. Their extremely religious and simplistic lives isolated them from any disruption in the community. However, motivations of others led to the accusations of those in the community, which resulted in chaos. This occurred in the event known as the Salem Witch Trials, where twenty were executed and hundreds of others were accused. Arthur Miller, in his play, The Crucible, demonstrates how the thirst for revenge fuels the devastation of a community through the characters of Thomas Putnam, Ann Putnam, and Abigail Williams. Thomas Putnam was an influential citizen in Salem who was motivated by his greediness. His lack of inheritance from his father after a large portion of it went to his stepbrother and his well-qualified brother-in-law being denied for the minister position in Salem, turned him into a bitter man. Therefore, he shows no remorse during the Salem Witch Trials where he is seen throwing accusations about people and even including his daughter in blaming the innocent ones in the town. Putnam, in Act One, displays characteristics similar to his grandfather: claiming land that isShow MoreRelatedThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1269 Words   |  6 PagesAt first glance, the playwright Arthur Miller in The Crucible highlights the historical significance of the Salem Witch Trials of 1692, but in fact it is an allegorical expression of his perception of McCarthyism. If the reader has some background information on Arthur Miller’s victimization as a communist, it is evident that the play is a d idactic vessel illustrating the flaws of the court system in the 1950’s. The communist allegations were launched at government employees, entertainers and writersRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1681 Words   |  7 Pagesof their way to the last dying breath to make sure they leave with a good or bad reputation. In one of the recent literature study in class â€Å"The Crucible† by Arthur Miller, Miller uses characterization to illustrate reputation throughout the play. â€Å"The Crucible† takes place in Salem, Massachusetts. It is based upon the Salem witch trails. In â€Å"The Crucible†, we journey through the life of three characters who reputations plays a major role in the play. The three characters are John Proctor, AbigailRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller998 Words   |  4 Pagesmotivated by jealousy and spite. The Crucible is a four-act dramatic play production that was first performed on January 22, 1953. Arthur Miller used dialogue within the characters to cover the multiple themes; conflicts and resolutions, plus the few directions for the different actions of the play. The Salem Witch Trials were intended to be performed as the play however, when read, it can be more carefully examined and broken down to analyze the techniques. Miller, the playwright, uses literaryRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1333 Words   |  6 PagesAs the various characters in The Crucible by Arthur Miller interact, the dominant theme of the consequences of women’s nonconformity begins to slide out from behind the curtains of the play. Such a theme reveals the gripping fear that inundated the Puritans during the seventeenth century. This fear led to the famous witch-hunts that primarily terrorized women who deviated from the Puritan vision of absolute obedience and orthodoxy. Arthur Miller presents his interpretation of the suffering by subtlyRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1145 Words   |  5 PagesUnbalance Through The Centuries In Arthur Miller’s play, The Crucible, the author reflects the persecution of communists in America in the 1950’s through a recount of the Salem witch trials. It is often presumed that Miller based his drama directly off of events that were particularly prevalent in the years surrounding the publication of The Crucible- which was released in the year 1953, towards the conclusion of the Korean War. Although there was not a literal witch hunt occurring during this timeRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1063 Words   |  5 PagesIn the English dictionary, there are three definitions of the word crucible. One is a metal container in which metals are mixed and melted. Another is a severe test. But the third definition, and the one that I think fits the best for this book, is a place or situation in which different elements interact to create something new. In my mind, this fits because all of the characters had their little grudges and dirty secrets. But when all th ose seemingly little things interact, they formed somethingRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1285 Words   |  6 Pages Rationale, Morality, Stereotypes, Pressure, Self-Censorship, Unanimity, and Mindguards. Groupthink has also taken place in our history a a country. The play, The Crucible by Arthur Miller is about a the real-life Salem Witch Trials that happened in 1692 - 1693, in Salem, Massachusetts. Some symptoms of Groupthink found in the Crucible are Rationale, Pressure, and Self-Censorship. The Groupthink symptom, Rationale, is described as when victims of Groupthink ignore warnings: they also collectivelyRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller811 Words   |  4 Pages While The Crucible, by Arthur Miller, is only a four act play, it still resembles the format of a five act play. The five-act structure evolved from a three-act structure, which was made famous by Roman Aelius Donatus. Donatus came up with three types of plays: Protasis, Epitasis, and Catastrophe. The five-act structure helped to expand the three act structure, mainly made famous by Shakespeare through his many tragedies. Even though The Crucible contains only four acts, it still has the commonRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1052 Words   |  5 PagesBuddy Al-Aydi Ms.Healy English 9 CP 14th October 2014 The Crucible Essay The Crucible was a novel written by Arthur Miller in the 1950’s. It was written in a format of the play, portraying an allegory of the Salem Witch-Hunts led by Senator Joseph McCarthy. The book is known to have a inexplicable plot. This plot is advanced by multiple characters in the book in order to ensure that the reader maintains interest with the material that is being read. The farmer, John Proctor, would be theRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller841 Words   |  4 PagesThe Crucible is a chaotic play, throughout this American classic Arthur Miller takes the reader through multiple events of terror and insanity. While creating a great on-stage play, Arthur Miller portrays his life through the events, the characters, and plot of The Crucible. Using vivid imagery and comprehensible symbolism, Miller manipulates the real personalities of the characters and events in 1600 Salem, Massachusetts to create a symbolic autobiography. Throughout this play, the reader experie nces The Crucible By Arthur Miller - 1333 Words As the various characters in The Crucible by Arthur Miller interact, the dominant theme of the consequences of women’s nonconformity begins to slide out from behind the curtains of the play. Such a theme reveals the gripping fear that inundated the Puritans during the seventeenth century. This fear led to the famous witch-hunts that primarily terrorized women who deviated from the Puritan vision of absolute obedience and orthodoxy. Arthur Miller presents his interpretation of the suffering by subtly introducing women who strayed from convention and paid the consequences. Throughout The Crucible, Arthur Miller delineates the historically austere Puritans’ perception and punition of women who differ from expectations, all while unraveling, through the characterization of Tituba, the harsh truth of how women were vided as lesser than men and feared if deviating. In the play, the pugnacious actions of the accusers on those accused of witchcraft unveil the conspicuous belief s that buttress all actions regarding witchcraft. The accusers in the Salem court feign hysteria as they are aware of the potency of Sarah Good, Tituba, and many of the other accused witches (Miller 1209, Tunc Web). The display of pain is an attempt to create the impression that the Sarah and Tituba are infecting the â€Å"normal† girls (Tunc Web). Such hysteria allows Abigail to avoid allegations when she accuses Tituba and others of serving the Devil (Tunc Web, Miller 1154). According to Tanfer Tunc, in theShow MoreRelatedThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1269 Words   |  6 PagesAt first glance, the playwright Arthur Miller in The Crucible highlights the historical significance of the Salem Witch Trials of 1692, but in fact it is an allegorical expression of his perception of McCarthyism. If the reader has some background information on Arthur Miller’s victimization as a communist, it is evident that the play is a didactic vessel illustrating the flaws of the court sy stem in the 1950’s. The communist allegations were launched at government employees, entertainers and writersRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1681 Words   |  7 Pagesof their way to the last dying breath to make sure they leave with a good or bad reputation. In one of the recent literature study in class â€Å"The Crucible† by Arthur Miller, Miller uses characterization to illustrate reputation throughout the play. â€Å"The Crucible† takes place in Salem, Massachusetts. It is based upon the Salem witch trails. In â€Å"The Crucible†, we journey through the life of three characters who reputations plays a major role in the play. The three characters are John Proctor, AbigailRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller998 Words   |  4 Pagesmotivated by jealousy and spite. The Crucible is a four-act dramatic play production that was first performed on January 22, 1953. Arthur Miller used dialogue within the characters to cover the multiple themes; conflicts and resolutions, plus the few directions for the different actions of the play. The Salem Witch Trials were intended to be performed as the play however, when read, it can be more carefully examined and broken down to analyze the techniques. Miller, the playwright, uses literaryRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1145 Words   |  5 PagesUnbalance Through The Centuries In Arthur Miller’s play, The Crucible, the author reflects the persecution of communists in America in the 1950’s through a recount of the Salem witch trials. It is often presumed that Miller based his drama directly off of events that were particularly prevalent in the years surrounding the publication of The Crucible- which was released in the year 1953, towards the conclusion of the Korean War. Although there was not a literal witch hunt occurring during this timeRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1063 Words   |  5 PagesIn the English dictionary, there are three definitions of the word crucible. One is a metal container in which metals are mixed and melted. Another is a severe test. But the third definition, and the one that I think fits the best for this book, is a place or situation in which different elements interact to create something new. In my mind, this fits because all of the characters had their little grudges and dirty secrets. But when all th ose seemingly little things interact, they formed somethingRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1285 Words   |  6 Pages Rationale, Morality, Stereotypes, Pressure, Self-Censorship, Unanimity, and Mindguards. Groupthink has also taken place in our history a a country. The play, The Crucible by Arthur Miller is about a the real-life Salem Witch Trials that happened in 1692 - 1693, in Salem, Massachusetts. Some symptoms of Groupthink found in the Crucible are Rationale, Pressure, and Self-Censorship. The Groupthink symptom, Rationale, is described as when victims of Groupthink ignore warnings: they also collectivelyRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller811 Words   |  4 Pages While The Crucible, by Arthur Miller, is only a four act play, it still resembles the format of a five act play. The five-act structure evolved from a three-act structure, which was made famous by Roman Aelius Donatus. Donatus came up with three types of plays: Protasis, Epitasis, and Catastrophe. The five-act structure helped to expand the three act structure, mainly made famous by Shakespeare through his many tragedies. Even though The Crucible contains only four acts, it still has the commonRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1052 Words   |  5 PagesBuddy Al-Aydi Ms.Healy English 9 CP 14th October 2014 The Crucible Essay The Crucible was a novel written by Arthur Miller in the 1950’s. It was written in a format of the play, portraying an allegory of the Salem Witch-Hunts led by Senator Joseph McCarthy. The book is known to have a inexplicable plot. This plot is advanced by multiple characters in the book in order to ensure that the reader maintains interest with the material that is being read. The farmer, John Proctor, would be theRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller841 Words   |  4 PagesThe Crucible is a chaotic play, throughout this American classic Arthur Miller takes the reader through multiple events of terror and insanity. While creating a great on-stage play, Arthur Miller portrays his life through the events, the characters, and plot of The Crucible. Using vivid imagery and comprehensible symbolism, Miller manipulates the real personalities of the characters and events in 1600 Salem, Massachusetts to create a symbolic autobiography. Throughout this play, the reader experie ncesRead MoreThe Crucible by Arthur Miller1085 Words   |  5 Pagesopposes the will of the majority is a recurring feature of drama.† Identify such a conflict in a non-Shakespearean play you have studied and show how the dramatist deals with the implications for both the character and the society. Arthur Miller in ‘The Crucible,’ deals with the internal/external conflicts of protagonist John Proctor, during the witch trials of Salem; showing the effects of â€Å"an individual opposed to the will of the majority.† Through the mass hysteria caused by Abigail, corruption

The Importance Of Leadership In Clinical Settings †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Importance Of Leadership In Clinical Settings. Answer: Introduction The importance of leadership in clinical settings for achieving care goals pertaining to patient safety and quality care have been acknowledged for long. As the domain of patient safety undergoes a constant evolution, the role played by leadership at organizational and individual level has been gaining prominence. The present essay throws light on the relationship between leadership and patient safety within the clinical setting. The essay aims to refute the statement it does not matter what type of leadership style is used; it has little effect on patient safety. The paper provides a definition of patient safety and a concise description of three leadership styles namely and their essential characteristics. A discussion is then put forward on the relationship between leadership and patient safety in clinical practice. A critical analysis of how each of the leadership styles could be used for promoting patient safety in reduction of medication error in clinical setting is undertaken. Patient safety can be defined as preventing errors and the different ill effects related to health care. Day by day with the increasing complications in the field of medicine, patient safety has become a major subject of concern( Grossman Valiga, 2016). The greater use of the technologies and the medicines has diversified the ways of treatments but has also brought many complications regarding the patient safety. This essay will aim on the how thenursing leadership model can manage the patient safety. According to the researches a high quality of patient care includes safety, timeliness, efficiency, effectiveness and patient centeredness ( Grossman Valiga, 2016). In theprofession of nursing the quality of leadership provided by the leader nurse effects many aspects of a health care facility setting. The leadership quality of the nurses can have far reaching influences on the patient outcome and the quality of care. There are several different types ofnursing leadership. This report will throw light upon three main leadership quality of nursing. Autocratic leadership This model of leadership constitutes a leader nurse or a nurse manager who will be making all the significant decision, would instruct other peer nurses, give orders and would issue directions to the subordinate employees. This kind of a leader would supervise the works of other nurses and does not support the idea of collaboration or discussion with the peer nurses. This type of leadership nursing is mainly found in the jails, military camps and other stringent settings. An autocratic nurse would not pay heed to any questions of the employees regarding the validity of the directions ( Grossman Valiga, 2016). Transformational leadership This kind of leadership quality involves encouragement of the employees or the junior nurses to give their best work under the influence of a leader nurse. Unlike the autocratic leadership, this kind of a leadership focuses on motivating the junior nurses rather than imposing them with directives. This type of a leadership in nursing believes in collaboration, team work, creativity, research and application of the evidence based practice. This type of a leadership quality instills motivation in one self (Huber, 2013). The self motivated employees would always work well than those that are pressurized by the autocratic nurses. It should be kept in mind tat this quality would be absolutely disastrous if the leader nurse lacks the personality to bring out the work from the employees in a friendly manner(Huber, 2013). Lassez-Faire leadership This kind of a leadership allows the peer nurses to work with freedom with the required guidance. The nurse leaders allow the employees to work according to their education. The employees are invested with the authority to take their own decisions. This leadership is effective in case of the nurses that are highly skilled or well educated or experienced. An experienced nurse can at least apply her past experiences and her evidence based researches in treating critical situations (Huber, 2013). This leadership model is absolutely not suitable in case of the unmotivated, unskilled nurses or those who lack time management, or inexperienced. Nursing leadership and patient safety are interconnected and is directly proportional to each other. The patient outcomes in a healthcare setting are acquired from a complex of practical procedure via analytical data given by the technology that is cutting edge. An effective nurse leader ensures appropriate staffing and the various resources that are required for safety of the patients (Cherry Jacob, 2016). At the higher level of organization a nurse leader should be able to take different management strategies and would cater to the decision making process that would ultimately be fruitful for the health care organization. A good leader ship quality of a nurse can prevent and reduce hospital readmissions, patient deterioration and morbidity. A leader nurse would be in the front line to push her limits to provide the appropriate quality of care(Cherry Jacob, 2016). A leader nurse would encourage the junior nurses to do research and apply an evidence based care that is patient-focus ed. A good nurse leader will also reduce the malpractices in a healthcare setting and thus provide a quality care to the patient. A high performance nurse would provide a physical, mental, spiritual and holistic support to a patient and would improve the overall care delivery (Huber, 2013). In general the role of a leader nurse is to provide improved health care facility to a organization. A perfect leader nurse should be able to monitor all possible aspects that hinder the patient safety. There are different nursing concerns for imparting safety to the patient. One such concern is the medication errors (Frith et al.,2014). Lack of knowledge, improper assessment and negligence are the reasons why the medication errors occur (Duffy, 2013). Medication errors can be dangerous as it can cause death in some cases. It has been reported that a large number of death occurs across the world due to the medication errors. Wrong medications can give rise to hypersensitive reactions in patients, which can be fatal in many cases (Duffy, 2013). An autocratic nurse may apply force to its employees to maintain the correct protocol for applying medicines. The employees would then be doing the work carefully under pressure, which can bring about both good and bad outcomes. A junior nurse might be very careful while administering the medications in fear of the autocratic nurse. Again, autocratic nursing would not support the practice of evidence based nursing that involves lot of researches (Duys, 2015). Lack of research and knowledge and de-motivation from the autocratic nurse can cause medication errors. In a healthcare setting which is extremely poor in health standards, a leader can take the role of an autocratic leader and force the unmotivated workers to do their work, as it would be the best policy to get the work done. In case of a transformational leadership, the nurse leader would allow his employees to do research and apply treatment accordingly. A proper research and assessment would help in avoiding the adverse medical condition that can arise due to the medication. A leader nurse can self motivate or impart knowledge to her peer nurses so that the medication errors get reduced (Kitson et al., 2013). A good nurse leader would provide knowledge and training to her peer nurse so that they can provide a quality care. A good nurse leader would continuously supervise her employees whether a patient had been assessed carefully. A proper nurse leader should ensure that only skilled and experienced nurses should be appointed in the critical care units (Morello et al., 2013). A Lassez-Faire type of leadership can bring about good outcomes only if the nurses are skilled. Since medication error is one of the leading causes of morbidity in hospitals, the choice of this kind of leadership might not be very suitable. Application of medicines and critical assessment of a patient requires lots of practices and experiences which might become a bit risky if the nurses are allowed to do anything on their own. From the above essay it can be concluded that different forms of leadership that have their own characteristics, when applied suitably, help in bringing significant changes to the culture of patient safety. It is the duty of the nurses and other health care professionals to point out the suitable form of leadership that when applied in the clinical setting can reduce patient complications. Furthermore it can also be pointed out that the leadership quality chosen will depend upon the kind of health care setting where the nurse is in. References Cherry, B., Jacob, S. R. (2016).Contemporary nursing: Issues, trends, management. Elsevier Health Sciences. Duffy, J. R. (2013).Quality caring in nursing and health systems: implications for clinicians, educators, and leaders. Springer Publishing Company. Duys, R. A. (2015).Validation of the use of short message service (SMS) as a training tool for anaesthetic nurses(Doctoral dissertation, University of Cape Town). Frith, K. H., Anderson, E. F., Tseng, F., Fong, E. A. (2012). Nurse staffing is an important strategy to prevent medication errors in community hospitals.Nursing Economics,30(5), 288. Grossman, S., Valiga, T. M. (2016).The new leadership challenge: Creating the future of nursing. FA Davis. Huber, D. (2013).Leadership and nursing care management. Elsevier Health Sciences. Kitson, A., Marshall, A., Bassett, K., Zeitz, K. (2013). What are the core elements of patient?centred care? A narrative review and synthesis of the literature from health policy, medicine and nursing.Journal of advanced nursing,69(1), 4-15. Morello, R. T., Lowthian, J. A., Barker, A. L., McGinnes, R., Dunt, D., Brand, C. (2013). Strategies for improving patient safety culture in hospitals: a systematic review.BMJ Qual Saf,22(1), 11-18. Wong, C. A., Cummings, G. G., Ducharme, L. (2013). The relationship between nursing leadership and patient outcomes: a systematic review update.Journal of nursing management,21(5), 709-724. Yoder-Wise, P. S. (2014).Leading and Managing in Nursing-E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences.

Marketing Management for Fundamental Goal - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theMarketing Management for Fundamental Corporate Goal. Answer: Introduction Woolworths is a prominent Australian retailer. It basically delivers all types of grocery stuffs and have also started selling magazines, dvds and various stationery items. The fundamental corporate goal of the company is achieving justifiable competition with other companies and increasing the sale. Various moves are taken by Woolworths to introduce new services so that success is attained. Few strategies like introducing trading card to attract large market for sale was adopted.(Sundaram Inkpen, 2014). Advertisements of petrol and promoting the grocery discounts and other label products had a positive impact on sales.Thus for betterment of the company a good marketing plan need to be selected for selling more products (Schwartz, 2010). Corporate objective Corporate objective relates the entire business, and is set by every company to set detailed objective which tends to focus on the performance of the company. Corporate objective focuses on the whole result rather than single objective. It is very important to create unity between the companies business and employee. An Australian company Woolworths defines the realistic goal that influences strategically decisions (Ranadheera, et. al, 2013). These objectives target the future of companys growth and access the success of the company for betterment. Corporate objectives are designed to enhance the performance of the company by planning in a right direction. Woolworths has a clear objective that helps in knowing abusiness missionin terms of its benefits and economic value. It measures the overall performance of the business in terms of shareholders to check their stability. This also involves monitoring of the objectives designed by the company (Arli, et. al, 2013). Woolworths is one of the largest retail companies whose corporate objective is to deliver customers an excellent shopping experience every time. It is planning to offer high quality of services and product at nominal price. The objective of Woolworth is to improve the food products by making it more nutritious. It also focuses on environmental needs and looks for growth in social development sector. The overall motive of Woolworth is to maximize the profit by increasing the sales revenue (Sheth Sisodia, 2015). This can be achieved by maximizing the sale of the compan y which will help in business growth and support longer business survival in the market. Marketing Orientation Concept: Woolworth Woolworth has major objective that customer's choose them over other companies. Thus various marketing plans are used for building customers and maintaining the momentum of sale in food and now Woolworth have started drinks so that more value is served to customers. They have designed various strategies to empower shareholder value, by using end-to-end retail process and systems excellence. This can be done by building a great retail plan (Ozkaya, et. al, 2015). A good retail plan is designed in such a way that it listens to customers and supplies voice, so that the feedback from customers is used to improve the customers experience by creating new and innovative ways. Marketing concept Marketing concept is used whenever Woolworth decides to launch a new product in the market. New product can be a modification of an old product or any entirely new product. The marketing plan used by Woolworth is: First of all it summarises the key factor about the product like its ownership, profitability, and share price and so on. Then a marketing segment is chosen for sale of the product. By analysingthe environment in a detailed manner, so that positive outcome is received from new product. Target customers are selected by outline marketing mix strategy. Market orientation used by Woolworth involves monitoring the actions taken by Competitors Company. To attain good success, understanding the competitors plans and goals is important. Promotion is one of the key factors used by Woolworths, as it contributes in reaching to wider audience in short span of time. The branding of new products is promoted by launching loyalty programs, to reach to the customers (Terho, Eggert, Haas Ulaga, 2015). Woolworths have also stared Loyalty Schemes for customers which offer special discounts. The perceptive of Woolworth is to reach to larger audience therefore for better marketing it uses digital marketing. It helps in reaching every type of target audience, which in turn aimed to spread awareness of the service everywhere by using newsletter and magazines. Apart from promoting their products, they offer gift cards and additional benefits to attract customers and making the customers stable. Selling Concept Selecting a selling method for product is considered as a success factor for the business. For making more sales in the company an effective method is used. Woolworth uses the concept of customer intelligence. It monitors all the government regulations, technology used by competitor and knowing about the future needs. Formal and Informal procedures are used by the company for selling a product. Market is analysed as per the needs then an appropriate technique is selected. Majorly the products are sold through offline as well as online stores (Tu, Tung Goes, 2017). Online stores are beneficial as it target larger audience and responsive actions are taken in response to market intelligence. Responsive actions take the form of selecting an appropriate target section and designing the products or services that accommodate market needs. Other than these promoting programs are launched by Woolworth and direct Emails are also sent to customers. Emails are helpful as whenever some discounts or special offers arise, Woolworth sent the emails to customers regarding the special offers thus building a customer relation. Referrals are also used by Woolworth and are considered as a good way for selling products and helps in bringing regular business to the company. It is true selling of a product is directly related to customer satisfaction. Once the customer is satisfied with the product, they will automatically come for the next time. Selling concept used by the company is focusing on how to reach the audience. This is achieved by social media channels as it is easy and touches every door of target users. Thus for selling the product, social media marketing act as a crucial point in the growth and making profit. It helps in reaching the customer faster and in a cost effective manner. Social media marketing is overwhelming as it reaches to large users in minimum time independently (Tedlow Jones, 2014). Thus Woolworths has expanded globally and has covered every area on the globe due to social media. Thus the business is expanded by engaging more customers and promoting the products effectively. Additionally Woolworth also uses feedback method so that products are improved and sold. Marketing Strategy Used by Woolworths There are two types of marketing strategy business to business (B2B) marketing or Business to consumer (B2C) marketing. Woolworth uses Business to consumer marketing which includes various approaches like advertisement which helps in linking the services and products with the customers, which helps in building relation with the customers. And it focuses on bundle selling rather than selling a single product. Marketing strategy used by Woolworths is diversification that is making all kind of products available. Especially in the food and drinks store it sells all kind of products so that customers do not visit any other store. It provides special discount offers as well as combo options so that customers experience a good shopping practice. It also provides reward points to the user so that they shop for the next time also. It focuses on product development to increase the sale and bring new customers to the business. Introducing new product and service helps in increasing market share and improve customer loyalty (Tedlow Jones, 2014). Woolworth follows promotion for selling products by first defining the target population and uses mass marketing strategy to drive large audience in order to increase the sell. Thus mass marketing can be done by online marketing which helps in propagating new products via internet to get more customers attention. It is the best method to drive customers at tention by using online marketing tactics. Advantage- It helps in reaching to wider audience which is associated with higher output. Thus improves the business profit by boosting the sale as it target vast and different market. Disadvantage- It is not a cost effective approach and money could be wasted if wrong audience is targeted. It also requires investment of time and before marketing it is important to segment the customers into groups. This strategy is beneficial for Woolworth to fulfil the objective by delivering new products and deliver better experience to the customers. This is a simple method which helps in improving the sourcing capabilities. This method helps the company to penetrate new customers and provide the services in multiple locations. It focuses on reducing the cost of products so that Woolworths take an advantage of producing more products and selling them at economical price. Offering the products at affordable price helps in getting more customers to the company. References Arli, V., Dylke, S., Burgess, R., Campus, R., Soldo, E. (2013). Woolworths Australia and Walmart US: Best practices in supply chain collaboration.Journal of Economics, Business Accountancy Ventura,16(1). Ozkaya, H. E., Droge, C., Hult, G. T. M., Calantone, R., Ozkaya, E. (2015). Market orientation, knowledge competence, and innovation.International Journal of Research in Marketing,32(3), 309-318. Ranadheera, C. S., Evans, C. A., Adams, M. C., Baines, S. K. (2013). Production of probiotic ice cream from goat's milk and effect of packaging materials on product quality.Small Ruminant Research,112(1), 174-180. Schwartz, D. E. (2010). Defining the Corporate Objective: Section 2.01 of the ALI's Principles.Geo. Wash. L. Rev.,52, 511. Sheth, J. N., Sisodia, R. S. (2015).Does marketing need reform?: Fresh perspectives on the future. Routledge. Sundaram, A. K., Inkpen, A. C. (2014). The corporate objective revisited.Organization science,15(3), 350-363. Tedlow, R. S., Jones, G. G. (Eds.). (2014).The Rise and Fall of Mass Marketing (RLE Marketing)(Vol. 25). Routledge. Terho, H., Eggert, A., Haas, A., Ulaga, W. (2015). How sales strategy translates into performance: The role of salesperson customer orientation and value-based selling.Industrial Marketing Management,45, 12-21. Tu, Y., Tung, Y. A., Goes, P. (2017). Online auction segmentation and effective selling strategy: Trust and information asymmetry perspectives.Journal of Electronic Commerce R

Baseball Essays (938 words) - Baseball, Baseball Rules,

Baseball Baseball has been providing us with fun and excitement for more than a hundred and fifty years. The first game resembling baseball as we know it today was played in Hoboken ,New Jersey, on June 19, 1846. The New York Nine beat the New York Knickerbokers that day, 23-1. The game was played according to rules drawn up by Alexander J. Cartwright. A surveyer and amateur athlete. It is a myth that Abner Doubleday1 invented baseball. It was Alexander Cartwright, not Abner Doubleday, who first laid out the present dimensions of the playing field and established the basic rules of the game. The first Professional baseball team was the Cincinnati Red Stockings, who toured the country in 1869 and didn't lose a game all year. Baseball began to attract so many fans that in 1876 the National league was organized-the same National league that still exists today. Although the game was played in 1876 it was recognizable as baseball-nobody would confuse it with football or basketball-it was quite a bit different from baseball as we know it now. For example, pitchers had to throw underhand, the way they still do in softball;the batter could request the pitcher to throw a high or low pitch; it took nine balls, rather than four, for a batter to get a base on balls; and the pitching distance was olny 45 feet to home plate. The rules were gradually changed over the following 20 years, until by about 1900 the game was more or less the same as it is today. In 1884, the pitchers were permitted to throw overhand; in 1887, the batter was no longer allowed to request a highor low pitch; by 1889,it took only four balls to get a batter to a base on balls; the pitching distance was legthened to sixty- feet, six inches. And since that day in 1846 There have been many greats to make up the game baseball such as Ty Cobb who was born in a small town in Georgia in 1886. He threw right-handed but batted left-handed . He held his hands a few inches apart on the bat and learned to bunt or slap line-drive hits precisely where he wanted them. He made place hitting an art. In the summer of 1905, Cobb joined a major league baseball taem, the Detroit Tigers .On August 9, Ty Cobb registered his first base hit as a member of the Tigers. In the many years to follow he added over four thousand more hits. Along with them would come a national rep- utation. Another player who some have said changed the game, is John Roosevelt(Jackie) Robinson2.On April 15, 1947 at two o'clock that tuesday afternoon when nine Brooklyn Dodgers sprang out thier dugout to take the feild to start the 1947 baseball season. It was a memorable event in basebaall history, indeed in American history. Undoubtedly Robinson was a great ballplayer. He was National league's Rookie of the year in 1947 and its Most valuable player (MVP) in 1949. He won the election in 1962 to the Bseball Hall of Fame, the first African- American ever chosen for that honor. And perhaps the greatest ballplayer of all time was Goerge Herman (Babe Ruth). During the 1920, Ruth's first season as a New York Yankee, he hit .376, not enough to win the American league batting championship but a figure far beyond what today is registered by major leagues leaders. He also hit safely in 26 consecutive games, clubbed 9 triples and 36 doubles, and batted in 137 runs. Despite his weight of over 215, he stole 14 bases. Most remarkably, however, Ruth slugged 54 home runs for the season. Closest to him in the American League was Goerge Sisler, with 19 homers, while the National League leader recorded a total of only 15. Almost every team in both leagues registered a total number far below the 54 of Babe Ruth alone. There have been many more talented and great ball- players in the game such as Ted Williams,Leo Durocher, Hank Aaron,Mickey Mantle,Roger Maris,Willie Mays,Joe DiMaggio and all these ballplayers have done their part to shape and mold the game of Baseball. And today, we now have a new generation of ball- players like Mark McGwire who in the 1998 season hit an unpresedented 76 home runs and was closely followed by Sammie Sosa with 70 homers which in the 1920 and 30's was un-thought of un-imagnable, to even hit 15 home runs now playes can hit 15 home runs by May 15th. Another astonashing differance is players today are earning countless millions of dollars, unlike days of yesteryear whaen players only made if they were lucky 125,000 dollars. Also the equipment has changed

Surrealism and Freud

Surrealism and Freud Introduction Surrealism is one of the well-known cultural movements of the 20th century characterized by visual artworks and writings of various philosophers. That movement was founded at the beginning of 1920s by a French writer and theorist Andre Breton. Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Surrealism and Freud specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Surrealism is not just a simple form of art that is studied by numerous writers; it is a way of how people look at life and understand it from political, philosophical, aesthetical, and social perspectives. The best representatives of surrealism were Salvador Dali, Sigmund Freud, Max Ernst, and Marcel Duchamp. Captivating writings and masterpieces of great people made a considerable impact on the development of surrealism. One of the philosophers, who significantly influenced surrealism, was Sigmund Freud. To analyze how exactly surrealism was connected to Freud’ s theories, it is necessary to identify the peculiarities of surrealism, to evaluate Freud’s theory, and find out how Freud’s ideas influenced the works of popular surrealists, Max Ernst, for example. The Essence of Surrealism Surrealism grew out of another, not less popular movement, Dada. The peculiar feature of Dada movement was the idea to present anti-art works and to underline the darkness and sorrow of war. In its turn, surrealistic movement was characterized by more positive expression of reality. â€Å"The objective of surrealism was the infinite expansion of reality as a substitute for the previously accepted dichotomy between the real and the imaginary.† (Balakian 14) One more peculiar feature of surrealism is that it is not one specific style, but the union of several styles, which are based on the same idea – to present the reality. This is why it is possible to define surrealism as â€Å"psychic automatism in its pure state by which we pro pose to express – verbally, in writing, or any other manner the real process of thought.† (Leslie 59) Sigmund Freud and His Theories When we talk about surrealism, we cannot but remember such a brilliant philosopher, whose works made a certain impact on surrealism and its understanding, as Sigmund Freud. The ideas of this person changed lots of worlds, the world of psychology and art in particular. His idea of having a kind of fixation on sex and that having sex may be considered as an explanation of all human’s mental ills attracts lots of people and cause numerous misunderstandings of the others. Freud did not afraid to break any boundaries, offer, and prove his own ideas and visions. His theories of psychosexual development, dreams, id, ego, and superego played a significant role in the history of art. As for surrealism movement, it is better to pay attention to one of Freud’s theories, the theory of dreams, where Freud called dreams as a kind of road to the unconscious. In other words, Freud was sure that dreams could easily demonstrate and explain the sense of the unconscious mind.Advertising Looking for research paper on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Freud’s Theories and Surrealism Surrealism presents the works of the subconscious mind. Freud identified dreams as the way to the subconscious. After we confront these two ideas together, it is possible to trace the connection of surrealism to Freud’s ideas. In order to comprehend the ideas, which surrealists want to reproduce in their works, it is necessary to find the way to this unconscious, and it is possible only with the help of dreams. Freud’s dream theory is a kind of mechanism, the way according to which all our desires split through censorship. If a desire cannot be comprehended, it gets a form of some kind of absurdity. For example, let us take two objects, which can not be matched together in reality, melting clocks and trees, a bicycle and a fish, etc. These objects cannot be condensed into something one. This is possible only in a dream, when people desire something. This is what Freud’s theory about dreams is all about, and this is what surrealist representatives took from Freud. However, Freud was interested not about the unconscious of surrealism. His burning desire was to analyze the conscious. He thought that all those experiments, which different surrealists did with psychic automatism (the release of the unconscious), are directed to ego activity. Freud believed that such a direct release of the unconscious was a mistake. All those unconscious was shaped by the ego. So, surrealistic works could hardly be called as something unconscious. Even more, Freud underlined that if all those works were the products of unconscious, they could be much better. Max Ernst as a Representative of Surrealism Movement One of the representatives o f surrealism movement was Max Ernst. He was a German painter, poet, and sculptor. First, he enrolled to study philosophy; however, soon he gave up that affair and started painting. His works took a lot from Freud’s theories. The idea of chance and the unconscious are the leading ones in one of Ernst’s work – Oedipus Rex. The influence of Freud is felt from the very title of the work. The Oedipus complex is often recognized in Freud’s ideas, as well as it is recognized in the work by Ernst. Each component plays a significant role for general perception of the picture. The image between the man’s hand and the bird symbolizes man’s desire to be free from the society he lives in. The wall, in comparison to the hand, is not that big that underlines that in fact does not play too significant role, however, it is an obstacle that a person cannot move on.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Surrealism and Freud specif ically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This picture also has a sexual character. The nut represents a woman, and the crack in this nut symbolizes the intercourse between a woman and a man. This intercourse means a lot as for a woman, as well as for a man. The point that a man’s hand holds this nut is also worthy of attention. It underlines woman’s position in the society, women depend from men, and this is one of the truths, which Ernst wanted to represent in his masterpiece. Conclusions In general, surrealism and Freud’s theories have lots in common. All of them are about the subconscious and the conscious. People sometimes cannot understand where the reality ends, and dreams start. Surrealism is one of the artistic movements with strong political, social, and aesthetical components. It was one of the most organized movements of the 20th century. Its leader was Andre Breton, however, not his ideas only were considered. One of the most influential philosophers for surrealism was Sigmund Freud. His theory of dreams and the unconscious influenced a lot the development of surrealism. The main difference between surrealism and Freud’s theory was Freud’s statement that numerous surrealistic works were shaped by the ego, and this is why they cannot be considered as the unconscious works only. A part of the conscious is still present is the works, such as Oedipus Rex by Max Ernst. Balakian, A. E. Surrealism: The Road to the Absolute. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1986. Leslie, R. Surrealism: The Dream of Revolution. New York: Smithmark, 1997.

Philosophy Theroy- Conclusion and Premises Essay

Philosophy Theroy- Conclusion and Premises - Essay Example l of prevalent societal attitudes at the time of the film’s making, but could as easily be transferred to more modern times, forcing the viewer to focus on the psychological action occurring rather than the latest high-dollar computer graphic imagery or fast-moving car chase scene. The film opens as the judge in a courtroom informs the jury of its duties before releasing them into the jury room. As the judge speaks, the camera pans across the different faces of the men who comprise the jury as well as the big-eared wide-eyed boy defendant. As the judge gives his directions, he makes it clear that this is a capital murder case and, should the jury return with a guilty verdict, the sentence will be death. With this harsh task on their minds, the jury files quietly into the jury room, none of them looking at the defendant as they do so but with the defendant watching each one of them in turn. As the case is presented, it is made clear that the boy, just turned 18, is on trial for his life accused of having killed his own father in an angry knife attack and then callously removing himself from the home to go watch a film. It is up to the jury to decide, by a vote of guilty or innocent, whether this boy lives or dies. Either they let him go free or they condemn him to death. As the jury files into the room, it is obvious some of them are deeply affected by the weight of their decision while others are clearly convinced their conclusions are obvious. As none of the jurymen are identified by name for most of the movie, only two of them exchanging names at the very end of the film, the only way to refer to them is by their jury number, which is made easier as they sit at the table in this order. Casual chatter before they all convene officially indicates that most of the jury members feel the case is fairly solid, the boy is undeniably guilty of the crime. As the film moves forward, the reasons for this assurance are revealed. First, the boy was known to have

Paul Gauguins illusion In The Paint Where Do We Come From What Are We Essay

Paul Gauguins illusion In The Paint Where Do We Come From What Are We Where Are We Going - Essay Example Paul Gauguin had presumably referred to this soul. In his painting â€Å"WE† does not refer to material world that are unreal and that which our mind personifies.This paper is trying to establish intellectual and philosophical aspect of gauguin’s painting on this ground. The Ramakrishna Mission Institute of Culture in it’s publication â€Å"Aspects of Vedanta† has said: Sankara is not alone in drawing our attention to the illusory nature of empirical life. Plato, Kant, and Hegel adopt the same view, and in recent times, Bergson, equipped with all the knowledge of modern science, arrives at the same conclusion. The intellect,he says, disguises reality, misrepresents it, and presents to us a static world, †¦ The painting of our topic very much reflects this illusion suffered by the artist, though, it seems, he very much understood that â€Å"real† is different from this illusion. Also, Paul Gauguin relflects the illusion suffered by this world. Ingo F Walther in his book â€Å"Paul Gauguin 1848-1903 The Primitive Sophisticate† has mentioned: The spectrum of human activity encompassed by the painting spans all of life, from birth to death, in all its wondruous diversity. The new-born child lying in the grass, seeing the light of day for the first time, marks one boundary of Gauguin's stage, and the careworn old woman who looks so downcast as she meditates upon the past marks the other. Between the two lies the copious adult world of fears and joys. The exotic idol in the background, and the two people walking (possibly lovers), are there for atmospheric effect, and bridge gap between Man and the natural setting. Gauguin reveals considerable ambition in the way in which he placed some favourite subjects in his panorama - the relaxed reclining nude, the figures sitting lost in the thought, the cult statute. The figures are there to evoke associative meanings, rather to explain or illustrate. Gauguin was not concerned with being understood: rather, he was interpreting life as a great mystery. The world's lack of understanding, which was pushing him towards suicide, was obliquely expressed in his emphasis of the impenetrable and incomprehensible.# Footnotes: **Page 45 and 46 in "Aspects of Vedanta" #Page 80 in "Paul Gauguin 1848-1903 The Primitive Sophisticate" By Ingo F Walther The painting by depicting the various stages of life, in effect has carried the message that life is full of changes and life is nothing but an illusion. Even the animals and birds found in tha painting undergo the changes of life which is an illusion. The blue sky found in the painting is also an illusion. The painting depicts the convulsions of his mind and his yearning to show the world the difference between the 'real' and 'unreal'. The other side of illusion But, interestingly, illusion is having another side. Swami Lokeswarananda in his translation of Mandukya Upanisad has said: Even to

Writing for the English Major Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Writing for the English Major - Essay Example For the author, lying is an everyday thing: a part of life so to speak, as we do not tell blunt truths to everyone to maintain correct social structures and to prevent negative feelings that can permeate in relationships. Mundane greetings like â€Å"Howdy do?† and mundane answers like â€Å"I’m fine† are considered lies because those are not honest answers, as well as â€Å"silent lies† like not answering questions for the benefit of society, because it might hurt someone’s feelings. People nowadays, he says do not put importance on lying as much as before, according to the author. Slippery Slope arguments happen when the argument suggests that one thing will lead to another. Slippery Slope is represented here in the scenario where the lady committed a silent lie, and that would lead to her nephew’s death, suggesting that silent lies can actually lead to deaths. In that scene, there was a lady who was accused by the author to have committed a lie by â€Å"simply keeping still and concealing the truth† (Twain, 1885). She â€Å"lied† because she did not want to tell the hospital about the incompetence of their nurse, thinking that she may hurt the feelings of the nurse. Thus, the nurse got the job of taking care of the lady’s nephew, putting the nephew at risk because of the incompetence of the nurse. This is a fallacy. First, a lie is a false statement delivered deliberately (Encarta, 2010). With this definition, technically in this situation, no one told a lie. This is because the lady kept silent. Of course, her silence meant differently but it was not a lie at all. It was deliberate but it never meant to deceive people into believing that the nurse was incompetent. She knew that the nurse was incompetent, sure, but not telling people about it does not constitute to lying. False Authority happens when the author asks the audiences to agree with him simply based on his assertion as a writer.

CSR in the Fast Food Industry

CSR in the Fast Food Industry All organizations have different devinitions between CSR (corporate social responsibility Coporation), but significant similarity with them.  Mallen Baker on the definition of CSR is that as companies manage business processes to produce an overall positive impact on society.  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   Consider the following example:   The companys two aspects of their activities.   1.  Quality control both in terms of people and processes (inner circle).   2.  Nature of much of its impact on society in various fields.   Other definitions   World Business Council for Sustainable Development in its publication Building Business Sense Lord Holme and Richard Watts, use the following definition.  Social responsibility is the continuing commitment of businesses to behave ethically and contribute to economic development, improving quality of life for employees and their families and local communities and society as a whole   In the same report was evidence of different ideas about what ought to be made from many different companies around the world.  Definitions as varied as COP on capacity building for sustainable livelihoods. It respects cultural differences and find business opportunities in the development of skills of workers, communities and governments of Ghana, on CSR in the company to give back to society from the Philippines.   On the other hand, the European Commission guarantees its rate on the two definitions in one: the concept that companies voluntarily decide to better society and cleaner environment, a concept that corporate social and environmental issues, to promote their business. In their interaction with stakeholders  voluntary basis.    When we checked back every one of them, they agreed that the definition is currently focused on the impact, as the economic base.  Some go farther than others, to predict how many companies operate a green light for the operation of their own influence on the topography, especially outside the home, help in achieving the goals of society as a whole.  There is a significant difference, when many entrepreneurs believe that their companies are ill-prepared to pursue social objectives of incubators and activists argue that society is not democratic authenticity to take such a role.  This is particularly the discussion will continue.   Introduction Mcdonads   1954, the supplier of machinery fifty-two seen milkshake diner in San Bernardino, Calif., and saw a huge new industry: fast food.  In what will be his golden years, showed Raymond Kroc, the founder and builder of the corporation McDonalds, The advance of industry, for example, no less capable than Henry Ford, who revolutionized the American restaurant industry rules magnificent production of hamburgers, French fries French and milkshakes.  Bought developing complex operating system and delivery, he assured that customers bought French fries in terms of Topeka to New York will be.  This consistency makes the brand of McDonalds, which defined the American fast-food restaurants.   McDonalds mission   McDonalds is a mission that is the preferred place for our clients, and inspiration to people who eat the joy of each client unsurpassed quality, service, cleanliness and value every time   We invite you to become part of this winning team and give you the opportunity to provide a family with the smiles grow on behalf of millions of people every day   Introduction KFC   The company was founded as Kentucky Fried Chicken, Colonel Harland Sanders founded in 1952, when the idea of KFC fried chicken dates back to 1930.  The Company has adopted an abbreviated form of his name, KFC, in 1991 [2].  Since April 2007 the company began with its original name Kentucky Fried Chicken again its signage, packaging and advertising in the U.S. through a new corporate rebranding, [3] [4] and the new restaurants will be transformed into a new logo and name while older stores will continue to use 1980  signs.  The company also uses the abbreviation KFC freely used in its advertising.  International company is still known as KFC.   Update on KFC   Analysis of the situation, we have analyzed the situation in the market that KFC faces in terms of company / product, competition and consumers.  We have presented our own ideas for which we have seen, placed trends or patterns.  Further, we must understand, a survey for students on the market.  We focused on the perception of health for consumers KFC, its products, competitors and competing products.  Then we have our first series of groups plan to investigate the projections should   CSR ANALYSIS Carol and models Sethi   Model of Carroll and Sethi the first models of social responsibility   With regard to Sethi (1975), Tri-State model the behavior of companies that he created are classified as social power.  The three countries conduct of companies based on:   Constraint) social   b) social responsibility   c) public awareness   Sethi The second condition requires companies to recognize the movements and, in response to the expectations of society.  The third assertion of claims that the company develops the competence to work effectively with stakeholders and specific action on their issues and concerns are growing.  Sethi also emphasized the cultural and temporal dependence of corporate responsibility and the importance of sound management and classification for easy measuring and evaluating progress.   Model-based Carroll Sethi (1979) model, which includes the following four categories of corporate responsibility in reducing the degree of importance is proposed:   a) To be economically viable;   b) legal to obey the law;   c) do what is moral and just and equitable without interference;   d) discretionary / philanthropic good corporate citizen.   In 1991, Carrolls model of CSR as a pyramid, and suggested that, although the mechanisms are not mutually exclusive, it allows the manager to see that with different types of linkages in constant fear of others.   CSR   Disclaimer   liability related to obey the laws and regulations   Civil rights: the rights and responsibilities of individuals and organizations   Criminal law: no special measures to break and the imposition of fines and / or imprisonment as punishment for the law   ethical responsibility   Behavior and actions planned or approved by the members of the organization and the community and society.   Standards, norms and expectations, which reproduce the interests of key stakeholders   economic responsibility   How much resources are allocated for the production of goods and services in the social   Do you think that consumers favor socially responsible companies, or are they more in love with the greatest profit of the company?   à ¿Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   Corporate social responsibility at McDonalds   McDonalds Value   Our values are represented in the QSC V.  For good quality services to customers.Do you have a clean environment, while the customer enjoys the meal.  The value of food does each customer smiling.   Values   We are customer satisfaction in the heart of what we do   We are committed to our employees   We believe in the McDonalds   We conduct our business ethically   We provide our communities   We grow our business profitable   We strive to constantly improve   Apply the model of CSR at McDonalds   This process shows that McDonalds made and its suppliers to continually improve our service to sustainable development. We have dozens of green laboratory , which is in development and testing of environmental innovation, to share in the society and the scale where it makes sense  said Bob Langert, vice president of corporate social responsibility. At the same time to take our suppliers ingenuity to help us, our vision of a global sustainable supply chain development best practice in everything from employee well-being, climate change and energy for animals. All of these events  very good for our business and the world in which we operate.    The best examples of sustainable supply chain include:   Taming the wind: In the UK, supplier of McDonalds McCain Food turbines storm in a French fry plant to supply up to 60 percent of annual electricity consumption in the operation of the facility per year, reducing emissions 10.000 tonnes of CO2 in 2009.  If the plant does not work, the world power in the national network for sale.   The energy of potatoes: In Austria, a provider of McDonalds, and fresh frozen solid by-product of potato and turn it into gas, and the remainder of the process for farmers who use them delivered as a natural fertilizer.  The plant produces about 6 GWh of energy per year, and 2000 homes with electricity and saves 30 percent of electricity on the spot.   CSR KFC   Researchers Colonel   make KFC Colonel Scholars Program  © is to visit for high school graduates to consumption, strong endurance, financial needs and the upper stage at an accredited educational institution in the country and live where they want.   KFC Colonel Scholars program is designed for you to succeed your dreams and aspirations, and perseverance.  This program is for seniors who visit the state schools are represented in the state or university.  Students who meet the criteria can apply online to become a KFC Colonel Scholar.  Students for this scholarship are selected to participate receive up to $ 20.000 to a bachelors degree.   Social diversity   For us, diversity is not a goal a lifestyle and way of doing business.  Everyone can and does make a difference in our organization.  One of our principles HWWT2 believe in all people emphasizes the importance of actively seeking diversity in others and believe everyone has the potential to make a difference, training and support for the development of each person to make their full capacity.  This adds perspective and depth of what we do.  We also found that the various teams is to solve it, all the services our customers more efficiently and creates a rich culture for us all to enjoy.   Code of Conduct   YUM!  Brands, Inc (Yum) agrees to act in its business in the ethical, legal and social responsibility.  To ensure compliance with all laws and ethical business practices, Yum this Code of Conduct adopted by providers (the Code) for U.S. suppliers Yum (Suppliers).   Compliance with Laws and Regulations   Providers must comply with all laws, codes or regulations, including, without limitation, all applicable local, state or federal laws regarding wages and benefits, accidents, working hours, equal opportunity, worker and product safety.  Yum also expects that vendors in accordance with the standards of their practice in the industry.   Packaging and the Environment   KFC also for the environment, we focus on our food and our customers.  Learn more about the steps we have made in our environmental footprint and improving plans to reduce the front.   Program for Animal   Yum!  Brands, parent company of KFC, it was committed to humane treatment of animals.   YumBrands owns a restaurant, which by itself does not raise or transport animals.However, as the main purchaser of food, we have the opportunity and obligation to the way animals supplied to us will be considered influence.  We take this very seriously and we are monitoring our suppliers, the question is regulated in order to identify suppliers using humane procedures for the care and treatment of animals they supply to us.Accordingly, it is our goal, but not with suppliers who share our high standards to maintain our commitment to the welfare of animals involved transaction.   Position in modern society   McDonalds in the UK   McDonalds is the largest catering company in the world.  The company sees itself as the leading global food distribution.  With more than 30.000 restaurants every day, more than 47 million people in 121 countries, it is difficult to argue!  In 1974, McDonalds opened its first restaurant in the United Kingdom.  As at 31 December 2001, operates McDonalds and its franchisees in 1184 restaurants in the UK.   KFC in the United Kingdom   Current market situation KFC   KFC, a restaurant in the worlds leading chicken, it was up to 9000 jobs in the UK, Ã…â€Å"150-OE100E dollars invested in their field, which is to monitor the opening 200 new stores -300.   In the next three to five years will create up to 9000 new jobs KFC across the country with special emphasis on the north of England and South Wales.  New jobs will be several opportunities for people of all ages and abilities cooks Manager.   Customers tend to choose a restaurant, they eat less, depending on the quality, speed and variety of elements.  KFC customers are very price sensitive and go elsewhere if it is not necessary to find a value price.  You can also people who want to be served quickly and will be characterized by the restaurant as soon as possible.   Market share   KFC has a long history and recognize the best mark in the chicken with more than 50% market share.  It is difficult for companies like Sub, McDonalds, Chicken Planet, Dixie, or those at the fast food market in force.   With more than 50% market share in the KFC fast-food industry is recognized worldwide and global sales for many years in Pakistan and gain market share in the philosophy of Pakistan takes the field.   Conclusion   Depending on the outcome of this appointment, I can conclude its better than KFC in the UK based McDonalds.  Increased range of products.  To include more variety to choose from, more deserts, and other items such as pizza McPuff.  It should continue to provide better service and faster.  With the lower supply chain costs are so that they contribute to cost reduction.   MCD is ready to extend its Happy Meal choices to win and retain customers, and may also McCafees introduction of gourmet and specialty coffees and other drinks and other foods such as cakes, cookies, etc.  in the existing McDonalds.  Focus training on gifts for all the young generations, children, especially older people who are totally new concept. MCD should Shares offered during the festival. You should increase the space for spaces birthday and to try to college festival sponsor.   After analyzing the marketing mix from McDonalds, it is clear that the company, as a global, ie  combination of elements of globalization and internationalization can be described.  McDonalds have achieved this by applying the principle think globally, act locally  

The Reputation of Othello Essay examples -- Othello essays

The Reputation of Othello  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚   Where in the rankings does this Shakespearean tragedy stand? This essay will explore the answer to this question by considering professional literary commentary.    Francis Ferguson in â€Å"Two Worldviews Echo Each Other† ranks the play Othello quite high among the Bard’s tragedies:    Othello, written in 1604, is one of the masterpieces of Shakespeare’s â€Å"tragic period.† In splendor of language, and in the sheer power of the story, it belongs with the greatest. But some of its admirers find it too savage [. . .]. (131)    Louis B. Wright and Virginia A. LaMar in â€Å"The Engaging Qualities of Othello† maintain that the popularity of this play has been consistent for about 400 years because    it treats emotions that are universal and persistent in human nature. Its characters do not exist on a plane far removed from ordinary life; we are not asked to witness the conflict of kings and conspirators beyond the experience of everyday people; we are not involved in the consequences of disasters on a cosmic scale; what we witness is a struggle between good and evil, the demonstration of love, tenderness, jealousy, and hate in terms that are humanly plausible. (126)    The realistic aspect of the play presents a full range of characters, a full range of emotions, a full range of motivations, a full range of actions – just as are present in real society. The down-to-earth, realistic consideration is very important to Othello’s enduring popularity.    The play is so quotable; consider Desdemona’s opening lines before the Council of Venice: â€Å"My noble father, / I do perceive here a divided duty,† or Othello’s last words: â€Å"Killing myself, to die upon a kiss.† Could the... ...d Nothing.† Essays on Shakespeare. Ed. Gerald Chapman. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1965.    Heilman, Robert B. â€Å"The Role We Give Shakespeare.† Essays on Shakespeare. Ed. Gerald Chapman. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1965.    Levin, Harry. General Introduction. The Riverside Shakespeare. Ed. G. Blakemore Evans. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1974.    Shakespeare, William. Othello. In The Electric Shakespeare. Princeton University. 1996. http://www.eiu.edu/~multilit/studyabroad/othello/othello_all.html No line nos.    Wright, Louis B. and Virginia A. LaMar. â€Å"The Engaging Qualities of Othello.† Readings on The Tragedies. Ed. Clarice Swisher. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1996. Rpt. from Introduction to The Tragedy of Othello, the Moor of Venice by William Shakespeare. N. p.: Simon and Schuster, Inc., 1957.      

Bingo: Marketing Mix

Marketing Mix Product Strategy †¢ Bingo positioned itself as chips with an Indian twist. The 16 flavours introduced at launch were carefully developed through R&D †¢ The initial offerings were a mix of potato chips and finger snacks †¢ The potato chips segment includes variants like masala, salted, tomato inspired by snacking habits of Indian consumers †¢ The offerings under finger snacks include Pakoda (Live Wires) and Khakra (Mad Angles) †¢ These offerings were further differentiated by providing SKU’s at Rs. , Rs. 10 and Rs. 20 Marketing Mix Pricing Strategy †¢ The main objective for ITC was to compete effectively with the existing players. Hence, ITC launched a direct frontal attack by introducing similar priced SKU’s †¢ ITC already enjoyed cost advantage over competitors through its eChoupal initiative. This also facilitated timely supply of raw materials †¢ ITC’s printing and packaging business also lead to high quali ty, cost effective and innovative packaging Marketing Mix Promotional Strategy Bingo was strategically launched at the time of world cup to cash in on the popularity of snacks among the cricket lovers of the country †¢ The advertising strategy revolved around slapstick humour and irrelevant themes to hold eyeballs, garner attention and interest, and stand out from the clutter †¢ ITC booked 10 to 15 spots per channel per day, 20 spots on radio stations supported by thousands of hoardings advertising the product.According to industry estimates, the total advertising spent in the initial 6 months were roughly 100 crores While its competitor Frito-Lay focussed on celebrity endorsements, Bingo chose a different route †¢ Since the product is aimed towards the young population, digital media was heavily used. For instance, the Bingo National Gaming Championship across 4 cities with more than 25000 participants †¢ Bingeonbingo. com and Mad Angles Twister application (Fac ebook) were other initiatives in online media Marketing Mix Distribution Strategy †¢ ITC already had a well-established distribution network through its cigarette and tobacco related offerings which were leveraged for Bingo Further, the company distributed around 4 lakh racks across all retailers to display the brand at all Points-of-scale †¢ Within 6 months Bingo was available across 250000 retailers in the country †¢ A crucial alliance with Future Group led to all future group retail outlets like Big Bazar, Food Bazar stocking only ITC’s Bingo †¢ HORECA (Hotels, Restaurants and Catering Sector), Local betel shops are all being used to distribute Bingo to a wide range of audiencesValue Proposition †¢ Variety and innovation in a largely undifferentiated market †¢ Foray into the â€Å"Health Snacks† segment by introducing Bingo as Baked Chips †¢ ITC launched Bingo in 16 flavours to cater to the tastes of the country †¢ Leveraged t he retail and marketing expertise of ITC Foods Market Share before Bingo 25% 10% 65% Lays Haldirams Others Market Share after Bingo Lays 12% 27% 45% Bingo Haldirams 16% Others

Tech Your Head essays

Tech Your Head essays Growth in technology is very similar to evolutionary growth. Our world has seen so much change since life first sprouted on our planet. Since the primordial soup of earths prehistoric waters created organisms life on earth has progressed quickly. Much like evolutionary processes found in life forms, technology builds on its own increasing order and thus speeds up. The technological developments of modern-day computer scientists will bring us computers faster than weve ever seen, a new intelligent life-form with mental powers equal or surpassing our own, and will raise moral and ethical questions currently unforeseen. Gordon Moore, the inventor of the integrated circuit, noted that the surface area of a transistor was being reduced by 50 percent every 12 months. When he made this observation he was chairman of Intel. Then, in 1975, he revised his observation to 24 months. With a biannual doubling of the number of transistors that you can fit onto an integrated circuit, the components on a chip as well as the speed of the computer are doubled. The idea of exponential growth in technological developments is known as Moores Law on Integrated Circuits. Almost all of the developments made in calculation technology from the abacus to the Apple II have laid appropriately on the timeline of technological evolution as prescribed by Thomas Moore, but now it seems there has been a recent acceleration in the acceleration of the evolution. Today, we use computers to design computers, and they meticulously calculate details in the newest design, then the designs are produced in factories that utilize full automation with very little intervention from humans. We can expect that computers will take their progression into their own hands, and at that point they will accelerate very rapidly. According to Ray Kurzweil, a highly educated and experienced man in the field of nanotechnology as well as the author of ...

Duty and desire in Jane Eyre Essay Example

Duty and desire in Jane Eyre Essay Example Duty and desire in Jane Eyre Paper Duty and desire in Jane Eyre Paper How is the conflict between duty and desire explored in these texts? Desire is a term conveying a longing for a certain object, person or outcome. It is an emotion from the heart and is unaffected by social opinion. Duty, in contrast, is a moral obligation to an act, which is perceived to be selfless. The decisions made regarding these emotions are significant throughout Jane Eyre and Wide Sargasso Sea. However, these definitions were more extreme during the time that Bronti and Rhys texts were written. In the 19th century, it was considered a completely selfish act for women to show desire, it was a vulgar emotion that women were expected to control and conceal. The female role during the 1800s was limited; they were expected to be passive and were passed from father to husband, similar to a possession. To perform ones duty to society was regarded as an unspoken rule imposed on all women, therefore, women never truly had the chance to express their true identity or gain real independence. The 19th century conflict between duty and desire was a key topic written about by many authors, predominately women, who illustrated personal experiences and beliefs through the characters and their decisions. In both Brontes and Rhys novels the authors illustrate the limitations imposed on women, societys views and expectations concerning the conflict, and the importance of finding the balance between the duty and desire. The life path of women living in the 19th century was largely dictated by Victorian society and was limited both in its direction and expression of individuality. Victorian women were forced to conform to the ideologies of patriarchal society and so duties were imposed on them; many of which repressed their desire. In Jane Eyre, though Janes character is very passionate, she adheres to the Victorian morality, in which passion and emotion were kept concealed. Jane learns to become dutiful and to control her passion at Lowood and through the preaching of Helen Burns. However, Bronti shows recognition of the female struggle through Janes character, who recognises that Millions are condemned to a stiller doom, acknowledging the oppression felt by women across the nation. In the same paragraph Jane expresses the general female opinion stating women who are supposed to be very calm feel just the way men feel, that women too need exercise of faculties and when this is not given, like men would, they suffer from too rigid a restraint. In this section Bronte employs challenging and political language, such as revolt, rebellions and the consistent mention of restraint to portray the powerful struggle Victorian women experienced. Bronti experienced the same struggle when trying to publish her novel. She realised that it would be impossible for a woman to publish such a controversial book as Jane Eyre in the patriarchal society she was living in. Therefore, she felt obliged to publish under the pseudonym of Currel Bell. In contrast to Jane, the character of Antoinette in Wide Sargasso Sea is extremely passive. Antoinette losses all sense of self by allowing society, (Rochester), to compress her desires and so she becomes completely dependent on others. Rochester symbolizes patriarchal society when he imposes an entirely new identity on Antoinette, by renaming her Bertha. Her lack of self is illustrated when she realises she will have no one to depend on; what will be come of me? . To this Christophine replies Get up, girl Woman must have spunks to live in this wicked world. Rhys choice of language is significant; Get up, must, shows that Christophine is a strong woman who is able to give an order, symbolizing the power of women within the patriarchal society. Christophine describes the world as wicked and believes this is because it seems to be ruled by oppressing, hypocritical men. This adjective allows Rhy to portray her view of 19th century society and allows the reader to feel empathy for women living during this time. When reading Wide Sargasso Sea, Bront , and the reader would agree with and admire Christophines view. Here also, parallels can be seen between Jane and Christophine, who are both portrayed as strong independent women. The contrast between Antoinettes and Janes characters emphasises Janes moral courage and enhances the readers admiration for her character. During the 1800s female desire was viewed by the patriarchal society as evil. This is highlighted in Jane Eyre when Jane, as child, is forbidden from expressing herself. Janes instinct for asserting herself was stifled, at a young age and so could only be expressed through defiance. Mrs Reed symbolizes societys view of female passion by likening Janes traits to those of the devil and this is reiterated by Bessie who describes Janes passion as wickedness. After acting out Jane is given time in the red room to reflect, here she compares herself to a rebel slave and she realises that she had acted as if poisoned, illustrating that Jane is starting to comprehend Mrs Reeds narrow minded view. Helen Burns describes to Jane the evil consequences that result from not being dutiful and says the bible teaches us to return good for evil. Through the opinions of Bessie and Helen Burns, Bronti interestingly portrays how societys view on desire had become ingrained within the female consciousness and how Jane may feel betrayed by other female characters. The view that desire may be linked with the devil is explored in Wide Sargasso Sea as Rochester often describes Bertha like a devil with uncombed hair and eyes which were inflamed. It is suggested that because Antoinette, gives in completely to desire, Rochester is no longer able to understand her and so imposes a new identity, stating Bertha Mason is mad. This is reinforced when Christophine provides an explanation for Antoinettes mothers madness; they tell her she is mad, as though an identity has been forced upon her. Rhys illustrates that society found it impossible to accept a female who did not fit the social paradigm of a perfect woman and in doing so, the reader dislikes Rochester and sympathises with Antoinette.

Professional solutions to the impact that the increasing concern of Research Paper - 1

Professional solutions to the impact that the increasing concern of how alcohol consumption affects the rate of interpersonal violence has had on biologists in Finland - Research Paper Example Understanding genes causing alcoholism is vital in finding lasting solutions to the problem of alcoholism, and scientists in Finland have been concentrating in gene therapies to identify these genes related to alcoholism. Individuals addicted to alcohol consumption have numerous gene constitutions that interact with environmental factors to influence them into drinking and result into the drinking problem. Gene therapy have helped in understanding gene vulnerability in which is significant in finding curative measures in helping those individuals who are heavy consumers of alcohol. In addition, scientist have discovered and are still discovering various drugs that have the ability to suppress the alcohol genes in individuals and an example is that aldehyde dehydrogesnase has been discovered to help in neutralizing the GABA gene which has been discovered to lead to addiction of alcohol in individuals. Scientists are also advocating for educational programs to help in solving the high rate of interpersonal violence caused by excessive alcohol consumption amongst individuals. Loneliness has been studied to be a key problem in encouraging people to drink alcohol. This is because they find it hard to control their habits therefore resort to drinking to achieve a false confidence in communicating and interacting with individuals. Low self esteem and instant gratification are factor which lead to alcohol consumption and interpersonal violence amongst individuals. Therefore, scientist are emphasizing on the need to sleep to help in solving the problem of loneliness and prevent consumption of alcohol in individuals who drink because they are lonely or need instant gratification from various issues affecting their lives (The Portman Group ). Examples of these programs include off-time pubertal training which is used to predict physiological

Historical Systems of Power, Governance, and Authority Essay

Historical Systems of Power, Governance, and Authority - Essay Example The attitude of British rulers towards Indians fostered Hindu Muslim hatred. Indian nationalism was damaged by the discriminatory policy of British rulers. Undue favor to the Hindus at the start of British rule created lot of doubts and suspicions in Muslims’ mind. The situation changed when the British policy started favoring Muslims at the start of 20th Century. It resulted in fury and anger by Hindu population. Thus policy of British colonist helped them in extending their rule as the focus of Indian population was never on outside rulers instead they were focusing on each other. British rule also introduced political parties, which gave the impression of power and governance to the local population. This was a good tool to fool Indian population. The reality of political parties became evident when the proposed reforms by Indian political parties were hardly entertained by British parliament. Indian legislative assembly was not independent and could not make rules for itse lf. In fact all the legislation for India was done by British parliament. British rulers were aware of the fact that it would be difficult for them to rule a huge Indian population therefore they introduced some projects to indulge Indian population in those projects and made them subordinate.

A Study on Martin Luther King Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

A Study on Martin Luther King - Essay Example Martin Luther King combined leadership, activism and clerical duties in his life time. He had a pivotal role in the civil rights progress, in United States, and globally. He advanced his civil rights crusade through nonviolence as mentored by Mohandas Gandhi. Martin Luther King is a national icon in modern American history because of his leadership style, policy and strategic thinking. In his activities, he advanced principles of strategy. His historical significance goes beyond his civil rights crusade or clerical work. He represented black leadership absent at the time in America. During this period, black leaders whether accommodative or reformists had minimum influence on power. These black leaders acted as power brokers for the white leaders or as spokesmen; they never expressed or acted on their own. However, Martin Luther King had his leadership rested on religious establishments that went beyond the church to a constituency that tagged him because of his strategy and ideology . He differed from the times, conventional leaders because of his independence from political machinery and institutional constraints. He addressed broader issues than race and the racial injustices (Barber, 2011, p. 52). Martin Luther King exemplified talented and strategic thinking, and leadership on both a national and international scale. In all his actions, he carefully advanced his strategic principles, and they all paid off. Growing Up and Early Influence Martin Luther King, born on 15th January 1929, grew up in Atlanta Georgia. The son of Martin Luther King Sr. and Alberta Williams King, he had a younger brother and an elder sister. King devoted much of his time in the church choir, where he sang with the choir during the opening of the movie Gone with the Wind. During his early age, king had intelligence and the will to question. He did not believe in things easily without getting all the information required to make a conclusion (Kavaloski, & Kavaloski, 2011, p. 25). Most striking was his skepticism of the resurrection of Jesus at the age of 13. He afterwards noted the inescapable truths in the Bible. This led him to join the seminary at a tender age. He attended Booker T Washington High School, but as a precocious student, he jumped ninth and twelfth grade. He joined the Morehouse College where he graduated with a Degree in sociology. During his seminarian years, King’s educator and theologian Howard Thurman immensely influenced his life. Thurman crucially mentored him as seen by their closeness. The success of Mahatma Gandhi nonviolent resistance inspired King to nonviolence in the movement. He had a commitment to the American civil rights struggle. The oppression that the minority faced played a significant role as well in influencing his thinking. The rich and wealthy had all the powers to do anything they wanted while oppressing the poor. King observed that using nonviolence offered him a strategy to push for the oppressed human dignity a nd justice, and also fight for their civil rights (Barber, 2011, p. 53). King’s society was plagued by racial discrimination, segregation and poverty. He disliked the society’s social state and decided to fight for their justice. The society’s inequality also pushed him to study sociology and theology because he wanted to help socially (Carson, 2005, p. 8). Achievements, Challenges and Great Moments In his lifetime, Martin Luther King had many achievements. He secured the progress of civil rights in U.S, and before his assassination the U.S Congress passed the

Computer Security Essay Example for Free

Computer Security Essay Encryption is method of scrambling data in some manner during transmission. In periods of war, the use of encryption becomes paramount so those messages are not intercepted by the opposing forces. There are a number of different ways to protect data during transmission, such as Substitution (character for character replacement) in which one unit (usually character) of cipher text (unintelligible text or signals produced through an encryption system) is substituted for a corresponding unit of plain text (the intelligible text or signals that can be read without using decryption), according to the algorithm in use and the specific key. The other method is Transposition (rearrangement characters) which is the encryption process in which units of the original plain text (usually individual characteristics) are simply moved around; they appear unchanged in the cipher text for their relative location. Study Case (Bank of Shenandoah Valley) While both encryption and authentication method are providing some measures of security, the implementation of security itself has totally a different approach. Before any methods chosen, the two most important factors in security implementations are having to be determined. The level of security needed and the cost involved, so the appropriate steps can be taken to ensure a safe and secure environment. In this case Bank of Shenandoah Valley is in type of business which a high level of security is required, therefore, I would suggest the use of encryption method with a complex algorithm involved. Although an authentication method is a secure method as well, is not as complex as encryption method of complex algorithm since it has been used in military during the war where a high levels of security are a must. During the war, the use of encryption becomes paramount so those messages are not intercepted by the opposing forces. This is a perfect example of how reliable an encrypted message can be while used within its appropriates guidelines. 4- Describe the three different database models hierarchical, relational and network. For data to be effectively transformed into useful information, it must be organized in a logical, meaningful way. Data is generally organized in a hierarchy that starts with the smallest unit (or piece of data) used by the computer and then progresses into the database, which holds all the information about the topic. The data is organized in a top down or inverted tree likes structure. At the top of every tree or hierarchy is the root segment or element of the tree that corresponds to the main record type. The hierarchical model is best suited to situations in which the logical relationship between data can be properly presented with the one parent many children (one to many) approach. In a hierarchical database, all relationships are one to -one or one- to many, but no group of data can be on the many side of more than one relationship. Network Database is a database in which all types of relationships are allowed. The network database is an extension of the hierarchical model, where the various levels of one-to-many relationships are replaced with owner-member relationships in which a member may have many owners. In a network database structure, more that one path can often be used to access data. Databases structured according to either the hierarchical model or the network model suffers from the same deficiency: once the relationships are established between the data elements, it is difficult to modify them or to create new relationships. Relational Database describes data using a standard tabular format in which all data elements are placed in two-dimensional tables that are the logical equivalent of files. In relational databases, data are accessed by content rather than by address (in contrast with hierarchical and network databases). Relational databases locate data logically, rather than physically. A relational database has no predetermined relationship between the data such as one-to-many sets or one-to-one. Case study ( DAngelo Transportation, Inc.) There are a number of factor which ought to be discussed during discussion: O How much of the system should by computerized? O Should we purchase software or build based on what we are using in the current system. ( make versus buy analysis) O If we decide to make the new system, should we design an on-line or batch system? O Should we design the system for a mainframe computer, minicomputer, microcomputers or some combinations? O What information technologies might be useful for this application? Some of the security issues, are consist of the level of security required and the cost involved in this conversion. A database system is vulnerable to criminal attack at many levels. Typically, it is the end user rather the programmer who is often (but not always) guilty of the simple misuse of applications. Thus, it is essential that the total system is secure. The two classifications of security violations are malicious or accidental. One of the most emphasized and significant factors of any program development is the early involvement of the end-users. This provides the programmer as well as the end-user with important functionality of the new system and help them to adapt to the new working environment more efficiently and effectively. The continuos training of the staff is essential in meeting the objectives of the organization since they will be provided with needed skills and expertise necessary to deal with daily issues using of new system.